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Jumat, 20 Januari 2012

PAST PARTICIPLE DAN BENTUK – BENTUK PRESENT PERFECT


 PAST PARTICIPLE

SIMPLE FORM
SIMPLE PAST
PAST
PARTICIPLE
The past participle is one of the principal parts of a verb. (See Chart 2-3)
The past participle is used in the PRESENT PERFECT tense and the PAST PERFECT tense.*
The past participle of regular verbs is the same as the simple past form: both end in –ed. See chart 2 – 4 for a list of irregular verbs.
REGULER VERBS
Finish
Stop
Wait
Finished
Stopped
Waited
Finished
Stopped
Waited
IRREGULAR VERBS
Saw
Made
Put
Seen
Made
put
Seen
Made
Put

 BENTUK – BENTUK PRESENT PERFECT
STATEMENT HAVE/HAS + PAST PARTICIPLE
(a)    I have finished my work
(b)   The students have finished Chapter 5
(c)    Jim has eaten lunch
The basic form of the present perfect : have or has + the past participle. Use have with I, you, we, they, or a plural noun (e.g., students). Use has with she, he, it, or a singular noun (e.g., Jim). With pronouns, have is contracted to apostrophe + ve (‘ve) and has to apostrophe + s (‘s)
(d)   I’ve/You’ve/We’ve/They’ve eaten lunch
(e)    She’s/He’s eaten lunch
(f)    It’s been cold for the last three days.
NEGATIVE : HAVE/HAS + NOT + PAST PARTICIPLE
(g)   I have not (haven’t) finished my work
(h)   Ann has not (hasn’t) eaten lunch
Have + not = haven’t
Has + not = hasn’t
QUESTION: HAVE/HAS + SUBJECT + PAST PARTICIPLE
(i)     Have you finished your work?
(j)     Has Jim eaten lunch?
(k)   How long have you lived here?
In a question, the helping verb (have or has) precedes the subject
(l)     A : Have you seen that movie?
B : Yes, I have. OR: No, I haven’t
(m) A : Has Jim eaten lunch?
B : Yes, he has. OR: No, he hasn’t
The helping verb (have or has) is used in a short answer to a yes/no question
The helping verb in the short answer is not contracted with the pronoun

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